Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Electrochemical β‐Selective Hydrocarboxylation of Styrene Using CO 2 and Water

doi: 10.1002/advs.201900137

Figure Lengend Snippet: Electrochemical carboxylation of styrene with CO 2 . *Faradaic efficiency.

Article Snippet: The quantitative measurement of the gas phase from the headspace of the electrochemical cell was performed by GC (PerkinElmer, NARL8502 Model 4003).

Techniques:

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Electrochemical β‐Selective Hydrocarboxylation of Styrene Using CO 2 and Water

doi: 10.1002/advs.201900137

Figure Lengend Snippet: Faradaic efficiency (%) of products from electrochemical carboxylation of styrene. Electrolysis was conducted with 0.1 m styrene and various amounts of H 2 O on a Ni electrode in CO 2 ‐saturated N , N ‐dimethylformamide and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (0.1 m ) electrolyte with j = 10 mA cm −2 , charge passed = 20 C, room temperature and P CO2 = 1 atm. The products in the electrolyte were acidified with HCl (2 m ) and extracted with ether for 1 H NMR detection (1 and 2). The gas products (H 2 , CO, and CH 4 ) in the reactor headspace were detected by gas chromatography.

Article Snippet: The quantitative measurement of the gas phase from the headspace of the electrochemical cell was performed by GC (PerkinElmer, NARL8502 Model 4003).

Techniques: Electrolysis, Gas Chromatography

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Electrochemical β‐Selective Hydrocarboxylation of Styrene Using CO 2 and Water

doi: 10.1002/advs.201900137

Figure Lengend Snippet: Scope of styrene derivatives for electrochemical β‐hydrocarboxylation. a) Cathodic linear sweep voltammetry data of 0.1 m styrene derivatives with 0.1 m H 2 O at 50 mV s −1 . b) Yield of products. The ratio between β‐hydrocarboxylated and dicarboxylated product are shown in brackets. The electrochemical carboxylation of styrene derivatives (0.1 m ) was conducted on Ni electrode in CO 2 saturated N , N ‐dimethylformamide and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (0.1 m ) electrolyte with j = 10 mA cm −2 , charge passed = 20 C, room temperature and P CO2 = 1 atm in the presence of 0.1 m H 2 O. *Faradaic efficiency determined by 1 H NMR after acidification with HCl (2 m ) and ether extraction. †Isolated yields based on the reactant styrenes detected by 1 H NMR after acidification with HCl (2 m ) and ether extraction.

Article Snippet: The quantitative measurement of the gas phase from the headspace of the electrochemical cell was performed by GC (PerkinElmer, NARL8502 Model 4003).

Techniques: Extraction

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Electrochemical β‐Selective Hydrocarboxylation of Styrene Using CO 2 and Water

doi: 10.1002/advs.201900137

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) results from deuterium labeling experiments using D 2 O. The carboxylate products from the electrochemical carboxylation of styrene (0.1 m ) using D 2 O or H 2 O (0.1 m ) as the proton source were methylated with iodomethane (0.3 m ) with K 2 CO 3 (0.2 m ) and extracted with ether for GC‐MS analysis. The mass spectra of a) deuterium labeled methyl‐3‐phenylpropanoate obtained from the case using D 2 O and b) methyl‐3‐phenylpropanoate from the case using H 2 O are shown. Electrochemical carboxylation of styrene (0.1 m ) was conducted on a Ni electrode in CO 2 ‐saturated N , N ‐dimethylformamide and tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (0.1 m ) electrolyte with j = 10 mA cm −2 , charge passed = 20 C, room temperature and P CO2 = 1 atm. The molecular ion peaks ([ M + ]) of deuterium labeled methyl‐3‐phenylpropanoate and methyl‐3‐phenylpropanoate were observed at m / z 165 and 164, respectively.

Article Snippet: The quantitative measurement of the gas phase from the headspace of the electrochemical cell was performed by GC (PerkinElmer, NARL8502 Model 4003).

Techniques: Gas Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Labeling, Methylation

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: Electrochemical β‐Selective Hydrocarboxylation of Styrene Using CO 2 and Water

doi: 10.1002/advs.201900137

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proposed mechanism of the electrochemical carboxylation of styrene.

Article Snippet: The quantitative measurement of the gas phase from the headspace of the electrochemical cell was performed by GC (PerkinElmer, NARL8502 Model 4003).

Techniques: